Since 1984, we have issued quarterly bulletins for all of Washington and Oregon. These include catalogs of earthquakes and blasts located in Washington and Oregon, providing up-to-date coverage of seismic and volcanic activity. Appendix 1 contains quarterly bulletins covering 2000.
The PNSN is currently in the process of upgrading operations, including extensive changes to data recording, exchange, and processing systems. Upgrades include enhancement of the emergency information distribution system, installation of seismic sensors that can accurately capture the full range of earthquake amplitudes and frequencies, implementation of a data recording system that fully supports multi-component data, and near-real-time data exchange with neighboring networks.
The USGS/NOAA CREST (Consolidated Reporting of EarthquakeS and Tsunamis) project is designed to improve NOAA's ability to assess the likelihood of a tsunami and issue timely warnings in the event of a west coast subduction earthquake. CREST calls for upgrades to regional networks to enable them to provide very rapid and reliable information to the Alaska and Pacific Tsunami Warning Centers. In 1998 the PNSN installed three CREST-compatible (but not CREST equipment) stations (real-time, broadband, and strong-motion; ERW, ELW, and SP2). Two stations, RWW and GNW, with full CREST equipment were installed in Washington during 1999. An EARTHWORM node at U of O in Eugene began transmitting real-time data from Oregon CREST stations PIN and DBO on February 9, 2000. Those two broad-band stations were upgraded to be CREST compatible by installing strong-motion components. Also during 2000, Battelle's Pacific Northwest National Lab helped install a new CREST station at their Sequim office and provided a telemetry path for the Sequim (SQM) CREST station via their intranet. CREST stations are planned for Eugene, Oregon (through UO), and for Longview, Boistfort Peak, Forks, and Tolt Reservoir in Washington. Four additional sites, directly on the coast and with BPA telemetry, have been identified and permitting discussions are underway.
Since 1996, the PNSN has installed digital strong-motion instruments, mostly in the Puget Sound urban area. In summer 2000, 22 new instruments were installed, bringing the total number of PNSN strong-motion instruments to 42. Continuous data from these stations are sent to the PNSN via Internet or lease-line modem. Most of the strong-motion instruments (except CREST stations) also have internal memory and are configured to record internally if ground motions exceed a specified threshold. If continuous data transmission fails, the internally recorded data is still available via dial-up retrieval or site visit. Three additional dial-up stations in the Portland area are operated by the USGS.
RACE is an earthquake notification system for emergency managers and others who need very rapid pager-based notification of earthquake activity. The RACE system is based on the CUBE system developed at Caltech for the Southern California Seismic Network. The RACE system is operating in approximately 10 emergency management and state agencies in Washington and Oregon.
A new EARTHWORM computer, scossa, was acquired and installed in the year 2000. Scossa was implemented with a full EARTHWORM configuration and in the fourth quarter of 2000 became our primary backup computer. Prior to this, milli served as our main EARTHWORM machine and verme was our primary backup computer. In the fourth quarter of 2000, milli was still our main EARTHWORM and verme became the secondary backup computer.
Figure 1 shows seismograph stations operated by the PNSN at the end of 2000, when the PNSN EARTHWORM SYSTEM was digitally recording 339 channels of real-time or near-real-time seismic data Stations available include a total of 152 short-period analog stations (17 of them received from other networks via EARTHWORM), 19 broad-band (8 of them from other networks), and 44 strong-motion stations (2 of them from other networks).
The majority of sites have a single short-period vertical component which is telemetered continuously in analog form to the UW. This contract (JOA 1434-HQ-98-AG-01937) supports 95 short-period sites (some with multiple components) and operation of 41 strong motion and 10 broad-band stations, plus horizontal seismometers with Wood-Anderson-response at station SEA on the campus of the University of Washington. The supported stations cover much of western Washington and Oregon, including the volcanos of the central Cascades.
Additional stations funded by other contracts are also used in event locations. Station Tables 1A-1D list the locations of various types of stations. Quarterly reports provide additional details of station operation. Quarterly reports from January 1, 2000 through December, 2000 are included as Appendix 1.
Aside from station outages, normal maintenance includes a visit to each site at least once every two years to replace batteries and do preventive maintenance. In addition seismometers must be replaced every 4-6 years. More than 30 radio telemetry relay sites are also maintained independently of the seismograph stations. Seismograph Stations used by the PNSN
Table 1A lists short-period, mostly vertical-component stations used in locating seismic events in Washington and Oregon. The first column in the table gives the 3-letter station designator, followed by a symbol designating the funding agency; stations marked by a percent sign (%) were supported by USGS joint operating agreement 1434-HQ-98-AG-01937. A plus (+) indicates support under Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle contract 259116-A-B3. Stations designated "#" are USGS-maintained stations recorded at the PNSN. Other stations were supported from other sources. Additional columns give station north latitude and west longitude (in degrees, minutes and seconds), station elevation in km, and comments indicating landmarks for which stations were named.
TABLE 1A - Short-period Stations operated by the PNSN at the end of the fourth quarter 2000 STA F LAT LONG EL NAME ASR % 46 09 09.9 121 36 01.6 1.357 Mt. Adams - Stagman Ridge AUG % 45 44 10.0 121 40 50.0 0.865 Augspurger Mtn BBO % 42 53 12.6 122 40 46.6 1.671 Butler Butte, Oregon BHW % 47 50 12.6 122 01 55.8 0.198 Bald Hill BLN % 48 00 26.5 122 58 18.6 0.585 Blyn Mt. BOW % 46 28 30.0 123 13 41.0 0.870 Boistfort Mt. BPO % 44 39 06.9 121 41 19.2 1.957 Bald Peter, Oregon BRV + 46 29 07.2 119 59 28.2 0.920 Black Rock Valley BVW + 46 48 39.5 119 52 56.4 0.670 Beverly CBS + 47 48 17.4 120 02 30.0 1.067 Chelan Butte, South CDF % 46 07 01.4 122 02 42.1 0.756 Cedar Flats CMM % 46 26 07.0 122 30 21.0 0.620 Crazy Man Mt. CMW % 48 25 25.3 122 07 08.4 1.190 Cultus Mtns. CPW % 46 58 25.8 123 08 10.8 0.792 Capitol Peak CRF + 46 49 30.0 119 23 13.2 0.189 Corfu DPW + 47 52 14.3 118 12 10.2 0.892 Davenport DY2 + 47 59 06.6 119 46 16.8 0.890 Dyer Hill 2 EDM % 46 11 50.4 122 09 00.0 1.609 East Dome, Mt. St. Helens ELK % 46 18 20.0 122 20 27.0 1.270 Elk Rock ELL + 46 54 34.8 120 33 58.8 0.789 Ellensburg EPH + 47 21 22.8 119 35 45.6 0.661 Ephrata ET3 + 46 34 38.4 118 56 15.0 0.286 Eltopia (replaces ET2) ETW + 47 36 15.6 120 19 56.4 1.477 Entiat FBO % 44 18 35.6 122 34 40.2 1.080 Farmers Butte, Oregon FHE 46 57 06.9 119 29 49.0 0.455 Frenchman Hills East FL2 % 46 11 47.0 122 21 01.0 1.378 Flat Top 2 FMW % 46 56 29.6 121 40 11.3 1.859 Mt. Fremont GBL + 46 35 54.0 119 27 35.4 0.330 Gable Mountain GHW % 47 02 30.0 122 16 21.0 0.268 Garrison Hill GL2 + 45 57 35.0 120 49 22.5 1.000 New Goldendale GLK % 46 33 27.6 121 36 34.3 1.305 Glacier Lake GMO % 44 26 20.8 120 57 22.3 1.689 Grizzly Mountain, Oregon GMW % 47 32 52.5 122 47 10.8 0.506 Gold Mt. GSM % 47 12 11.4 121 47 40.2 1.305 Grass Mt. GUL % 45 55 27.0 121 35 44.0 1.189 Guler Mt. HAM % 42 04 08.3 121 58 16.0 1.999 Hamaker Mt., Oregon HBO % 43 50 39.5 122 19 11.9 1.615 Huckleberry Mt., Oregon HDW % 47 38 54.6 123 03 15.2 1.006 Hoodsport HOG % 42 14 32.7 121 42 20.5 1.887 Hogback Mtn., Oregon HSO % 43 31 33.0 123 05 24.0 1.020 Harness Mountain, Oregon HSR % 46 10 28.0 122 10 46.0 1.720 South Ridge, Mt. St. Helens HTW % 47 48 14.2 121 46 03.5 0.833 Haystack Lookout JBO + 45 27 41.7 119 50 13.3 0.645 Jordan Butte, Oregon JCW % 48 11 42.7 121 55 31.1 0.792 Jim Creek JUN % 46 08 50.0 122 09 04.4 1.049 June Lake KMO % 45 38 07.8 123 29 22.2 0.975 Kings Mt., Oregon KOS % 46 27 46.7 122 11 41.3 0.610 Kosmos LAB % 42 16 03.3 122 03 48.7 1.774 Little Aspen Butte, Oregon LCW % 46 40 14.4 122 42 02.8 0.396 Lucas Creek LMW % 46 40 04.8 122 17 28.8 1.195 Ladd Mt. LNO + 45 52 18.6 118 17 06.6 0.771 Lincton Mt., Oregon LO2 % 46 45 00.0 121 48 36.0 0.853 Longmire LOC + 46 43 01.2 119 25 51.0 0.210 Locke Island LVP % 46 04 06.0 122 24 30.0 1.170 Lakeview Peak MBW % 48 47 02.4 121 53 58.8 1.676 Mt. Baker MCW % 48 40 46.8 122 49 56.4 0.693 Mt. Constitution MDW + 46 36 47.4 119 45 39.6 0.330 Midway MEW % 47 12 07.0 122 38 45.0 0.097 McNeil Island MJ2 + 46 33 27.0 119 21 32.4 0.146 May Junction 2 MOX + 46 34 38.4 120 17 53.4 0.501 Moxie City MPO % 44 30 17.4 123 33 00.6 1.249 Mary's Peak, Oregon MTM % 46 01 31.8 122 12 42.0 1.121 Mt. Mitchell NAC + 46 43 59.4 120 49 25.2 0.728 Naches NCO % 43 42 14.4 121 08 18.0 1.908 Newberry Crater, Oregon NEL + 48 04 12.6 120 20 24.6 1.500 Nelson Butte NLO % 46 05 21.9 123 27 01.8 0.826 Nicolai Mt., Oregon OBC % 48 02 07.1 124 04 39.0 0.938 Olympics - Bonidu Creek OBH % 47 19 34.5 123 51 57.0 0.383 Olympics - Burnt Hill OCP % 48 17 53.5 124 37 30.0 0.487 Olympics - Cheeka Peak OD2 + 47 23 15.6 118 42 34.8 0.553 Odessa site 2 OFR % 47 56 00.0 124 23 41.0 0.152 Olympics - Forest Resource Cen OHW % 48 19 24.0 122 31 54.6 0.054 Oak Harbor ON2 % 46 52 50.8 123 46 51.8 0.257 Olympics - North River OOW % 47 44 03.6 124 11 10.2 0.561 Octopus West OSD % 47 48 59.2 123 42 13.7 2.008 Olympics - Snow Dome OSR % 47 30 20.3 123 57 42.0 0.815 Olympics Salmon Ridge OT3 + 46 40 08.4 119 13 58.8 0.322 New Othello (replaces OT2 8/26 OTR % 48 05 00.0 124 20 39.0 0.712 Olympics - Tyee Ridge PAT + 45 52 55.2 119 45 08.4 0.262 Paterson PCMD % 46 53 20.9 122 18 00.9 0.239 PC Mountain Detachment PGO % 45 27 42.6 122 27 11.5 0.253 Gresham, Oregon PGW % 47 49 18.8 122 35 57.7 0.122 Port Gamble PRO + 46 12 45.6 119 41 08.4 0.553 Prosser RCM % 46 50 08.9 121 43 54.4 3.085 Mt. Rainier, Camp Muir RCS % 46 52 15.6 121 43 52.0 2.877 Mt. Rainier, Camp Schurman RER % 46 49 09.2 121 50 27.3 1.756 Mt. Rainier, Emerald Ridge RMW % 47 27 35.0 121 48 19.2 1.024 Rattlesnake Mt. (West) RNO % 43 54 58.9 123 43 25.5 0.850 Roman Nose, Oregon RPW % 48 26 54.0 121 30 49.0 0.850 Rockport RSU % 46 51 12.0 121 45 47.0 4.440 Rainier summit RSW + 46 23 40.2 119 35 28.8 1.045 Rattlesnake Mt. (East) RVC % 46 56 34.5 121 58 17.3 1.000 Mt. Rainier - Voight Creek RVN % 47 01 38.6 121 20 11.9 1.885 Raven Roost (former NEHRP temp RVW % 46 08 53.2 122 44 32.1 0.460 Rose Valley SAW + 47 42 06.0 119 24 01.8 0.701 St. Andrews SBES % 48 46 05.9 122 24 54.2 0.000 Silver Beach ES SEA % 47 39 15.8 122 18 29.3 0.030 UW, Seattle (Wood Anderson,BB, SEP # 46 12 00.7 122 11 28.1 2.116 September lobe, Mt. St. Helens SHW % 46 11 37.1 122 14 06.5 1.425 Mt. St. Helens SLF % 47 45 32.0 120 31 40.0 1.750 Sugar Loaf SMW % 47 19 10.7 123 20 35.4 0.877 South Mtn. SOS % 46 14 38.5 122 08 12.0 1.270 Source of Smith Creek SSO % 44 51 21.6 122 27 37.8 1.242 Sweet Springs, Oregon STD % 46 14 16.0 122 13 21.9 1.268 Studebaker Ridge STW % 48 09 03.1 123 40 11.1 0.308 Striped Peak TBM + 47 10 12.0 120 35 52.8 1.006 Table Mt. TCO % 44 06 27.6 121 36 02.1 1.975 Three Creek Meadows, Oregon. TDH % 45 17 23.4 121 47 25.2 1.541 Tom,Dick,Harry Mt., Oregon TDL % 46 21 03.0 122 12 57.0 1.400 Tradedollar Lake TKO % 45 22 16.7 123 27 14.0 1.024 Trask Mtn, Oregon TRW + 46 17 32.0 120 32 31.0 0.723 Toppenish Ridge TWW + 47 08 17.4 120 52 06.0 1.027 Teanaway VBE % 45 03 37.2 121 35 12.6 1.544 Beaver Butte, Oregon VCR % 44 58 58.2 120 59 17.4 1.015 Criterion Ridge, Oregon VFP % 45 19 05.0 121 27 54.3 1.716 Flag Point, Oregon VG2 % 45 09 20.0 122 16 15.0 0.823 Goat Mt., Oregon VGB + 45 30 56.4 120 46 39.0 0.729 Gordon Butte, Oregon VIP % 44 30 29.4 120 37 07.8 1.731 Ingram Pt., Oregon VLL % 45 27 48.0 121 40 45.0 1.195 Laurance Lk., Oregon VLM % 45 32 18.6 122 02 21.0 1.150 Little Larch, Oregon VRC % 42 19 47.2 122 13 34.9 1.682 Rainbow Creek, Oregon VSP % 42 20 30.0 121 57 00.0 1.539 Spence Mtn, Oregon VT2 + 46 58 02.4 119 59 57.0 1.270 Vantage2 VTH % 45 10 52.2 120 33 40.8 0.773 The Trough, Oregon WA2 + 46 45 19.2 119 33 56.4 0.244 Wahluke Slope WAT + 47 41 55.2 119 57 14.4 0.821 Waterville WG4 + 46 01 49.2 118 51 21.0 0.511 Wallula Gap WIB % 46 20 34.8 123 52 30.6 0.503 Willapa Bay WIW + 46 25 45.6 119 17 15.6 0.128 Wooded Island WPO % 45 34 24.0 122 47 22.4 0.334 West Portland, Oregon WPW % 46 41 55.7 121 32 10.1 1.280 White Pass WRD + 46 58 12.0 119 08 41.4 0.375 Warden WRW % 47 51 26.0 120 52 52.0 1.189 Wenatchee Ridge YA2 + 46 31 36.0 120 31 48.0 0.652 Yakima YEL # 46 12 35.0 122 11 16.0 1.750 Yellow Rock, Mt. St. Helens
Table 1B lists broad-band, three-component stations
operating in Washington and Oregon that provide data to the PNSN.
TABLE 1B Broad-band three-component stations operating at the end of the fourth quarter 2000. Symbols are as in Table 1A. STA F LAT LONG EL NAME COR 44 35 08.5 123 18 11.5 0.121 Corvallis, Oregon (IRIS station, Operated by OSU) DBO % 43 07 09.0 123 14 34.0 0.984 Dodson Butte, Oregon (CREST - operated by UO) ELW % 47 29 38.8 121 52 21.6 0.267 Echo Lake, WA (operated by UW) ERW % 48 27 14.4 122 37 30.2 0.389 Mt. Erie, WA (operated by UW) GNW % 47 33 51.8 122 49 31.0 0.165 Green Mountain, WA (CREST - operated by UW) HAWA 46 23 32.3 119 31 57.2 0.367 Hanford Nike (USGS-USNSN) HLID 43 33 45.0 114 24 49.3 1.772 Hailey, ID (USGS-USNSN) LON % 46 45 00.0 121 48 36.0 0.853 Longmire (CREST - operated by UW) LTY % 47 15 21.2 120 39 53.3 0.970 Liberty, WA (operated by UW) NEW 48 15 50.0 117 07 13.0 0.760 Newport Observatory (USGS-USNSN) OCWA 47 44 56.0 124 10 41.2 0.671 Octopus Mtn. (USGS-USNSN) PIN 43 48 40.0 120 52 19.0 1.865 Pine Mt. Oregon (CREST - operated by UO) RAI 46 02 25.1 122 53 06.4 1.520 Trojan Plant, Oregon (OSU) RWW % 46 57 50.1 123 32 35.9 0.015 Ranney Well (CREST - operated by UW) SP2 % 47 33 23.3 122 14 52.8 0.030 Seward Park, Seattle (operated by UW) SQM % 48 04 39.0 123 02 44.0 0.030 Sequim (operated by UW, telemetered by Battelle) TTW % 47 41 40.7 121 41 20.0 0.542 Tolt Reservoir, WA (operated by UW) WVOR 42 26 02.0 118 38 13.0 1.344 Wildhorse Valley, Oregon (USGS-USNSN)
Table 1C lists strong-motion, three-component stations operating in Washington and Oregon that provide data in real or near-real time to the PNSN. Several of these stations also have broad-band instruments, as noted. The "SENSOR" field designates what type of seismic sensor is used;
TABLE 1C
Strong-motion three-component stations operating at the end of the fourth quarter 2000. Symbols are as in Table 1A. STA F LAT LONG EL NAME SENSORS TELEMETRY ALCT % 47 38 51.0 122 02 13.2 0.055 Alcott Elementary, Redmond K2 I ALST % 46 6 31.2 123 01 47.4 0.000 Alston, Oregon BPA A20 L,E,D BRKS % 47 45 19.7 122 17 18.4 0.100 Brookside Elementary, Lake Forest Park K2,BBZ I CSEN % 47 48 04.5 122 13 06.5 0.055 Crystal Springs Elementary K2 I CSO # 45 31 01.0 122 41 22.5 0.036 Canyon Substation, Oregon FBA23 D DBO % 43 07 09.0 123 14 34.0 0.984 Dodson Butte, OR (UO CREST) EPI,BB3 E,L-PPP EARN % 47 44 24.0 122 02 24.0 0.010 East Ridge Elementary K2 I ELW % 47 29 38.8 121 52 21.6 0.267 Echo Lake, WA A,BB L,D ERW % 48 27 14.4 122 37 30.2 0.389 Mt. Erie, WA A,BB L,D FINN % 47 43 08.9 122 13 55.0 0.010 Finn Hill Jr High, Juanita K2 I GNW % 47 33 51.8 122 49 31.0 0.165 Green Mountain, WA (CREST) EPI,BB3 L-PPP HAO # 45 30 33.1 122 39 24.0 0.018 Harrison Substation, Oregon FBA23 D HOLY % 47 33 55.3 122 23 02.1 0.106 Holy Rosary K2 I KEEL % 45 33 0.0 122 53 44.4 0.000 Keeler, Oregon BPA A20 L,E,D KIMB % 47 34 30.9 122 18 05.9 0.100 Kimball Elementary, Seattle K2 I KIMR % 47 30 11.7 122 46 01.9 0.123 Kitsap Moderate Risk Waste K2 I KINR % 47 45 06.0 122 38 35.0 0.010 Kitsap North Road Shed K2 I KITP % 47 40 30.0 122 37 47.0 0.100 Kitsap Treatment Plant K2 I LAWT % 47 39 23.4 122 23 21.9 0.111 Lawton Elementary, Seattle K2 I LEOT % 47 46 04.4 122 06 54.3 0.155 Leota Jr High, Woodinville A I LON % 46 45 00.0 121 48 36.0 0.853 Longmire (CREST) EPI,BB3 L-PPP,D MBPA % 47 53 56.6 121 53 20.2 0.186 Monroe BPA A20 L,D MPL % 47 28 08.2 122 11 06.2 0.122 Maple Valley A L,D NOWS % 47 41 12.0 122 15 21.2 0.000 NOAA, Bldg 3 A20 I PCEP % 47 06 43.0 122 17 24.2 0.160 PC East Precinct K2 I PCFR % 46 59 23.3 122 26 27.4 0.137 PC Training Center K2 I PCMD % 46 53 20.9 122 18 00.9 0.239 PC Mountain Detachment K2 I PIN % 43 48 40.0 120 52 19.0 1.865 Pine Mt., OR (U0 CREST) EPI,BB3 E,L-PPP PNLK % 47 34 50.0 122 01 42.4 0.128 Pine Lake Middle School, Sammamish K2 I QAW % 47 37 53.2 122 21 15.0 0.140 Queen Anne A L RAW % 47 20 14.0 121 55 57.6 0.208 Raver BPA A L,D RBEN % 47 26 05.4 122 11 10.2 0.000 Benson Elementary, Renton K2 I RBO # 45 32 27.0 122 33 51.5 0.158 Rocky Butte, Oregon FBA23 D RHAZ % 47 32 25.8 122 11 08.4 0.108 Hazelwood Elementary, Newcastle A I ROSS % 45 39 46.2 122 39 37.0 0.100 Ross BPA A20 L,E,D RWW % 46 57 50.1 123 32 35.9 0.015 Ranney Well (CREST) EPI,BB3 L-PPP SBES % 48 46 05.9 122 24 54.2 0.000 Silver Beach Elementary, Bellingham K2 I SEA % 47 39 18.0 122 18 30.0 0.030 Seattle A,BB L,D SP2 % 47 33 23.3 122 14 52.8 0.030 Seward Park, Seattle A,BB L SQM % 48 04 39.0 123 02 44.0 0.030 Sequim, WA (CREST) EPI,BB L-PPP TBPA % 47 15 28.1 122 22 05.9 0.002 Tacoma WA BPA A L,D TKCO % 47 32 12.7 122 18 01.5 0.005 King Co EOC A20 I UPS % 47 15 51.4 122 28 56.3 0.113 University of Puget Sound K2 I WISC % 47 36 32.0 122 10 27.8 0.056 Wilburton Instructional Services Center, Bellevue K2 I
Table 1D shows stations recorded by the PNSN but not initiated in PNSN EARTHWORM nodes during the fourth quarter 2000. Columns as in Table 1A. "Canada" are stations received from the Pacific Geoscience Centre in British Columbia, Canada; PNNL is the Battelle Pacific Northwest National Labs; MT is Montana Bureau of Mines; OSU is Oregon State University; USNSN is the US National Seismic Network; CAL-NET is the USGS Northern California Network.
TABLE 1D STA F LAT LONG EL NAME BEN 46 31 12.0 119 43 18.0 0.335 PNNL station CHMT 46 54 51.0 113 15 07.0 - Chamberlain Mtn, MT COR 44 35 08.5 123 18 11.5 0.121 Corvallis, Oregon (IRIS-OSU) DBO % 43 07 09.0 123 14 34.0 0.984 Dodson Butte, Oregon (UO CREST) GBB 46 36 31.8 119 37 40.2 0.185 PNNL Station H2O 46 23 45.0 119 25 22.0 - Water PNNL Station HAWA 46 23 32.3 119 31 57.2 0.367 Hanford Nike USGS-USNSN HLID 43 33 45.0 114 24 49.3 1.772 Hailey, ID USGS-USNSN KEB 42 52 20.0 124 20 03.0 0.818 CAL-NET KSX 41 49 51.0 123 52 33.0 - CAL-NET KTR 41 54 31.2 123 22 35.4 1.378 CAL-NET LAM 41 36 35.2 122 37 32.1 1.769 CAL-NET LCCM 45 50 16.8 111 52 40.8 1.669 Lewis and Clark Caverns, MT MCMT 44 49 39.6 112 50 55.8 2.323 McKenzie Canyon, MT NEW 48 15 50.0 117 07 13.0 0.760 Newport Observatory USNSN BB OCWA 47 44 56.0 124 10 41.2 0.671 Octopus Mtn. (USGS-USNSN) OZB 48 57 37.1 125 29 34.1 0.671 Canada PFB 48 34 30.0 124 26 39.8 0.465 P.Renfrew, Canada PIN % 43 48 40.0 120 52 19.0 1.865 Pine Mt., Oregon (U0 CREST) PNT 49 18 57.6 119 36 57.6 0.550 Canada, BB RED 46 17 51.0 119 26 15.6 0.330 Red Mountain PNNL Station SNB 48 46 33.6 123 10 16.3 0.408 Canada SNI 46 27 80.0 119 39 50.0 - PNNL station VDB 49 01 34.0 122 06 10.1 0.404 Canada VGZ 48 24 50.0 123 19 27.8 0.067 Canada WVOR 42 26 02.0 118 38 13.0 1.344 Wildhorse Valley, Oregon (USGS-USNSN)
The seismograph network operated by the University of Washington consists of over 50 broad-band and strong-motion sensors, plus over 150 short-period, vertical component, real-time-telemetered seismographic stations. Using real-time-telemetry data, the PNSN seismic recording system operates in an `event triggered' mode, recording data at 100 samples per sec. per channel. Data from stations with other telemetry systems are retrieved and integrated with the event-triggered data. Arrival times, first motion polarities, signal durations, signal amplitudes, locations and focal mechanisms (when possible) are determined in post-processing. Digital data are processed for all teleseisms, regional events, and all locatable local events. Each trace data file has an associated `pickfile' which includes arrival times, polarities, coda lengths, and other data.
EARTHWORM is our main PNSN data-acquisition system. The old SUNWORM system operates as a digitizer for the analog stations. Analog stations, and most digital stations, are continuously telemetered in real time. Only a few broadband stations (LTY and RAI) and three USGS strong-motion stations in Portland record only on-site. Data are retrieved via dial-up modem, if needed. All of the real-time data is continuously recorded into temporary storage areas called "wave tanks" which can accomodate about 12 hours of continuous data for the entire network. Triggering algorithms create individual event files. Continuous data is kept for only a subset of of the network, usually for about 20 stations, mostly on volcanos. We continue to use our UW2 pickfile and data formats, and analysis tools which have been in place for the past several years.
Unedited network-trigger trace data are stored on ongoing "network-archive" backups. Edited "Master Event" trace data files are kept for all seismic events. These "Master Event" files are also translated to IRIS-SEED format and submitted to the IRIS Data Management Center for archive and distribution.
Through EARTHWORM, we exchange real-time data with the University of Oregon, Pacific Northwest National Labs, the Pacific Geoscience Centre, the Montana Bureau of Mines, and CALNET. In addition, we send real-time data to the Alaska Tsunami Warning Center, the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center, and the National Earthquake Information Center,
The entire PNSN catalog has been contributed to the CNSS composite catalog located at the Northern California Earthquake Data Center. The PNSN section of the CNSS catalog is updated daily.
Publications wholly or partly supported under this operating agreement are listed in Appendix 2.
Figure 2 shows earthquakes of magnitude 2.0 or larger located in Washington and Oregon during this reporting period. Table 2 lists earthquakes recorded by the PNSN during 2000 which were reported felt. For comparison purposes, Table 3 gives information on seismic activity recorded at the PNSN annually since 1980. During this reporting period there were 10 earthquakes reported felt west of the Cascades in Washington, ranging in magnitude from 1.2 to 3.6. Two earthquakes were felt in Washington east of the Cascades, ranging in magnitude from 3.1 to 3.6. In Oregon, five earthquakes were reported felt, ranging in magnitude from 2.5 to 4.1.
The largest earthquake in Washington this year was a coda magnitude 3.6 earthquake on October 15 14:30 UTC. It occurred at a depth of about 49 km, about 32 km west-northwest of Poulsbo, WA. The earthquake was well-recorded by our network of strong-motion instruments. The earthquake was felt across Kitsap and Jefferson counties, including the cities Poulsbo, Brinnon, Silverdale, Sequim, Bainbridge Island, and Mountlake Terrace.
TABLE 2 Felt Earthquakes during 2000 DATE-(UTC)-TIME LAT(N) LON(W) DEPTH MAG COMMENTS yy/mm/dd hh:mm:ss deg. deg. km 00/01/16 15:07:58 47.80N 122.74W 17.6 3.0 11.1 km NW of Poulsbo, WA 00/01/30 19:10:23 45.19N 120.12W 0.0 4.1 6.5 km SE of Condon, OR 00/01/30 20:46:06 45.18N 120.10W 0.0 3.4 8.8 km SE of Condon, OR 00/01/30 20:52:28 45.18N 120.10W 1.8 2.8 8.5 km SE of Condon, OR 00/01/31 03:48:29 48.30N 121.62W 4.1 1.2 5.9 km NNW of Darrington, WA 00/02/01 09:25:36 45.18N 120.11W 0.0 2.8 7.7 km SE of Condon, OR 00/02/29 18:36:37 48.18N 120.11W 0.0 2.5 7.4 km SE of Condon, OR 00/04/11 09:09:03 48.40N 122.27W 14.4 3.2 5.2 km ESE of Mount Vernon, WA 00/04/22 06:43:25 46.86N 121.97W 8.8 3.5 16.5 km W of Mount Rainier 00/06/29 19:27:26 48.46N 123.10W 27.6 3.5 10.6 km SW of Friday Harbor, WA 00/09/10 14:53:38 48.42N 123.19W 49.3 3.2 11.6 km E of Victoria, BC 00/10/15 14:30:05 47.84N 123.00W 48.5 3.6 31.9 km WNW of Poulsbo, WA 00/11/01 08:37:17 48.27N 122.53W 21.8 3.3 21.6 km SW of Mount Vernon, WA 00/11/05 13:10:01 49.47N 119.63W 0.0 3.0 4.7 km SW of Penticton, BC 00/11/10 09:12:39 48.45N 123.23W 25.2 2.5 9.5 km ENE of Victoria, BC 00/11/25 10:01:39 48.83N 119.33W 2.0 3.1 55.2 km NNE of Okanogan, WA 00/12/24 17:04:58 47.73N 120.28W 9.4 3.6 9.7 km NNW of Entiat, WA 00/12/31 18:07:44 47.50N 121.67W 12.6 2.9 8.6 km E of North Bend, WA
The RACE system, discussed earlier, is a pager-based alarm system that updates earthquake locations on a map displayed on a PC screen. When a "significant" event (magnitude 2.9 or larger) is located by the PNSN automatic systems, a preliminary location and magnitude is sent within minutes to seismologists and the RACE system via pager. The same information is forwarded via fax and e-mail to others with critical need. A set of web-pages on earthquakes magnitude 3.3 and larger are automatically generated and linked to the PNSN web-site. These preliminary messages are rapidly followed by final processing and update of the RACE systems, faxes, e-mail, and web-site, within 20 minutes to an hour.
TABLE 3
Annual counts of events recorded by the PNSN, 1980-2000
Year Total # Out of Net Inside Net
Unlocated Located
Total EQs(#felt) Blasts
_
80 4576 253 1075 3246 2874(18) 372
81 5155 291 1474 3385 2672(29) 713
82 4452 329 1824 2297 1948(20) 349
83 4489 405 2338 1745 1356(15) 389
84 3144 267 1095 1780 1409(16) 371
85 3560 266 1168 2122 1890(16) 232
86 2554 318 452 1776 1594(21) 182
87 1981 537 127 1304 966(22) 338
88 2249 507 114 1624 1263(19) 361
89 2781 501 137 2136 1835(38) 301
90 3433 717 204 2505 2096(26) 409
91 3083 675 315 2085 1687(26) 398
92 3522 891 235 2381 1993(22) 388
93 5594 731 626 4224 3877(35) 347
94 6243 900 1518 3816 3424(28) 392
95 5354 959 1462 2915 2539(16) 376
96 4741 911 1192 2628 2214(39) 414
97 3881 728 904 2239 1992(35) 247
98 7463 831 2174 4430 4176(11) 254
99 4505 803 1483 2187 1965(30) 222
00 5625 1121 1686 2818 2482(18) 341
Summary lists for all earthquakes located by the PNSN since 1969 are available via anonymous ftp on ftp.geophys.washington.edu in the pub/seis_net subdirectory. This information is also available via the PNSN World-Wide-Web(WWW) site.
The PNSN has an educational outreach program to better inform the public, policy makers, and emergency managers about seismicity and natural hazards. We provide information sheets, lab tours, workshops, and media interviews, and have an audio library with several tapes, including a frequently updated "recent earthquakes" message. We organize and participate in special events in addition to our normal background of informational work; including several thousand calls per quarter to our audio library; tours of the PNSN lab by hundreds of students, teachers, and parents; and outreach talks to numerous groups of all types.
This year was a very busy one for the PNSN, with some really memorable events.
Our World-Wide-Web site is an important element of our outreach, and we offer many pages on a variety of PNW earthquake-related topics.
Seismic stations, telemetry links, and data acquisition equipment were maintained by Jim Ramey and Allen Strelow at the UW, Patrick McChesney (stationed at CVO in Vancouver, Washington), Pat Ryan (of the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon), and Don Hartshorn (of Pacific Northwest National Labs in Richland, WA). Bill Steele provided information to the public, while Sandra Corso handled routine data analysis and archiving of digital trace data in UW2 format from January to July 2000. As of July 2000, the PNSN hired a new data analyst, Amy Tieman. Dr. Peter Lombard and Dr. Steve Malone worked on EARTHWORM. Dr. Tony Qamar worked on instrument calibration, and software development. George Thomas, Amy Lindemuth, and Lynn Hultgrien worked on various projects related to strong motion instrumentation and software. Ruth Ludwin wrote reports, maintained the PNSN web-pages, formatted SEED backups of PNSN data, and handled administrative tasks. Oregon State University (OSU) provided broad-band data from stations COR and RAI, which is archived with PNSN trace-data files. The University of Oregon (UO) provided broad-band data from stations PIN and DBO.